Postage Stamps from Romania

Romanian postage stamps offer a rich and diverse philatelic history, reflecting the nation’s historical, political, and cultural evolution. Here’s a comprehensive overview of the key periods and notable stamps from Romania:

Key Historical Periods and Stamps

Moldavia and Wallachia (Pre-1859)

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  • Moldavia’s “Bull’s Head” Issues (1858): The first Romanian stamps, known as “Cap de Bour” (Bull’s Head), were issued in Moldavia. These stamps are among the oldest in Romanian philately and are highly prized by collectors.
  • First Issue (July 15, 1858): Denominations included 27 parale (blue), 54 parale (red), and 81 parale (yellow).
  • Second Issue (November 1858): Added the 108 parale (green).

United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia (1859-1866)

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  • Transition Period Stamps:
    After the unification of Moldavia and Wallachia in 1859, the stamps continued to use the Bull’s Head motif but began to reflect the united nature of the new principality.

Kingdom of Romania (1881-1947)

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  • Early Issues (1862 Onwards):
    The first stamps labeled “Romania” were issued in 1862, replacing regional issues from Moldavia and Wallachia.
  • King Carol I Issues:
    Stamps featuring King Carol I, who reigned from 1866 to 1914, were common. These included various definitive and commemorative issues.
  • King Ferdinand I Issues:
    Following King Carol I, stamps featuring King Ferdinand I (reigned 1914-1927) were issued, reflecting Romania’s royal heritage.
  • Dobruja Overprints (1913):
    During the Second Balkan War, Romanian stamps overprinted with “Către Dobrogea” (To Dobruja) were issued, marking administrative changes in the region.

Interwar Period and World War II (1918-1947)

  • -Greater Romania:
    After World War I, Romania expanded to include Transylvania, Bukovina, and Bessarabia. Stamps from this period often reflected the new territorial acquisitions.
  • Occupation Issues:
    During World War II, various overprints and special issues reflected the changing control over territories, particularly in Bessarabia and Northern Transylvania.

Communist Era (1947-1989)

  • Post-War Reconstruction:
    Stamps from this period focused on themes of rebuilding, industrialization, and communist leaders.
  • Cultural and Historical Themes:
    Later issues featured important historical events, cultural milestones, and anniversaries of significant national figures.

Modern Romania (1989-Present)

  • Post-Communist Issues:
    After the fall of communism, Romanian stamps began to reflect a wider array of themes, including European integration, historical anniversaries, and cultural event

Notable Stamps

  • Cap de Bour” (Bull’s Head) Issues (1858):
    The first and most iconic stamps of Moldavia.
  • King Carol I and King Ferdinand I Issues:
    Reflecting Romania’s royal heritage during their respective reigns.
  • Greater Romania Issues (1918-1940):
    Commemorating the unification and territorial expansions post-World War I.
  • Occupation Overprints (World War II):
    Reflecting the geopolitical changes during the war.
  • Communist Era Definitives and Commemoratives:
    Featuring themes of industry, agriculture, and political leaders.
  • Modern Issues:
    Showcasing Romania’s cultural heritage, notable figures, and integration into European and international communities.

Collecting Tips

  • Condition:
    Stamps in mint condition with original gum are generally more valuable, but used stamps with clear cancellations can also be highly sought after.
  • Rarity:
    Early issues like the “Bull’s Head” stamps and occupation overprints are particularly rare and valuable.
  • Historical Context:
    Understanding the historical context of each stamp issue can enhance its significance and value to collectors.

Resources for Collectors

  • Philatelic Catalogs: Comprehensive catalogs such as Stanley Gibbons, Scott Catalogue, and Michel Catalogue provide detailed information and valuations for Romanian stamps.
  • Online Auctions and Dealers: Platforms like eBay, Delcampe, and specialized philatelic auction sites frequently list Romanian stamps.
  • Philatelic Societies: Joining societies focused on Romanian or Eastern European philately can provide valuable resources, expertise, and opportunities to acquire rare stamps.

Overview

Romanian postage stamps offer a captivating glimpse into the nation’s dynamic history, from the early days of Moldavian independence to the modern era. Whether you are interested in the classic “Bull’s Head” issues, the royal portraits, or the diverse themes of the communist and post-communist periods, Romanian stamps provide a rich and rewarding collecting experience.